The Earth’s atmosphere is warming, and there is growing consensus among scientists that man-made activities, such as burning fossil fuels, are to blame. But how do we know this is true? Despite the significant amount of scientific evidence that global warming is occurring, some political factions still deny the reality of this situation. To understand the current scientific consensus and the evidence which supports it, it is necessary to examine the scientific data and the evidence which informs it.
More than 97% of climate scientists agree that climate-warming trends over the past century are very likely due to human activities. A comprehensive review published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences shows that 97.1% of actively publishing climate scientists agree with the assessment that the Earth is warming because of the increase in the average global temperature. This date is derived from more than 11000 published works and abstracts studies by over 4100 scientific authors.
In addition to this review, evidence of global warming can also be found in the melting of the polar icecaps. Meltwater from melting glaciers is causing sea levels to rise; satellite measurements show that sea levels have risen 8-9 inches in the last century and 6 inches in the last two decades. Additionally, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) reports that the five warmest years on record have all occurred since 2010.
Temperature records, ice core samples, and tree ring data have also been studied to analyse historic climatic trends and demonstrate the current warming trend. By studying the Earth’s climate records, scientists can gain an understanding of the past and speculate on the possible effects of future climate change. These records show a clear pattern of increasing average global temperatures and a corresponding decrease in the Earth’s ice coverage.
Yet, despite the significant evidence, there remains a vocal minority which denies the reality of climate-warming trends. Unsubstantiated opinions and political agendas continue to challenge scientific findings and cast doubt on the global warming debate. As temperatures continue to increase, it is essential that citizens arm themselves with knowledge and remain critcal when discerning whether or not claims are based on fact or fiction.
Scientific organisations and policy-makers must continue to devote resources to combat climate-change and build awareness within the public. They must also ensure that educational resources are provided so that the public is equipped to make informed decisions. The time has come to move beyond the debate and instead focus on making long-term investments to mitigate climate-change. It is up to us, as citizens, to come together to take action on this global issue.
