Global warming is one of the most pressing issues of our time, with the potential to cause catastrophic changes to our planet’s natural systems and its inhabitants. Understanding the current scientific definition of global warming is an important step in developing effective responses to reduce its impact and mitigate its causes.
Formally, global warming is defined as a long-term increase in the average temperature of Earth’s atmosphere and oceans, a phenomenon known as climate change. Research conducted by climatologists has revealed that the average global temperature has risen by 1.1°F since 1880 and is projected to continue to increase at an accelerated rate. Scientists attribute this rapid warming largely to the activities of humans and our profound transformation of the planet.
In particular, many experts agree that the burning of non-renewable fossil fuels is the primary cause of global warming, as it releases vast amounts of carbon dioxide into our atmosphere. That gas traps and holds heat in the atmosphere, causing temperatures to rise. Other contributing factors include deforestation, the release of methane, and the use and production of ultra-polluting materials.
The effects of global warming are already being felt across the globe and pose a great threat to humanity, as it can aggravate extreme weather conditions, like floods, droughts, and heat waves, and encourage the spread of diseases and pests. Longer-term, global warming is anticipated to change the landscape of the Earth, cause sea levels to rise, and disrupt the habitats of countless species.
Though we have yet to effectively reduce global warming, recent years have seen substantive efforts to confront the issue. Governments, businesses and citizens have taken to reducing their carbon footprint and reduce their dependence of polluting products and resources, though much work remains to be done. Initiatives like the Paris Climate Accord and the ongoing efforts to implement green energy sources are key steps in addressing this problem.
Beyond individual action, science and technology offers us the resources to develop better strategies to adapt to and mitigate the impacts of climate change. For example, investigations into the potential of geoengineering – the process of intentionally manipulating the global climate – may deliver innovative options to reduce the rate of warming. Furthermore, continued investment in climate research and predictive modeling can help us to better anticipate and prepare for the effects of global warming.
Ultimately, global warming is a complex phenomenon with serious implications. Recognizing the science behind it and understanding its consequences is the first step in addressing the issue, and each of us must work together to tackle it for the benefit of our planet, our communities, and future generations.
