It is widely accepted that the Earth is warming at an unprecedented rate, resulting in global climatic instability. This escalating phenomenon has been referred to as global warming, but what is the theory behind this phenomenon? While the effects of global warming are unmistakable and increasingly apparent, it is important to understand the science behind this environmental issue in order to make informed opinions on how to alleviate the situation.
One of the widely accepted theories for global warming is the Greenhouse Effect. This concept explains that certain gases, like water vapor, carbon dioxide and methane, form an ‘atmospheric blanket’ that traps heat from the sun and keeps the Earth’s surface warmer than it would be otherwise. As these gases are released into the atmosphere in large quantities through activities like burning fossil fuels, they trap an excess of heat, resulting in global temperatures climbing higher than they would normally.
In addition to the Greenhouse Effect, global warming is also thought to be caused by an imbalance between global temperature, the ocean surface and air temperature. Typically, during periods of high temperatures, the ocean absorbs more heat than it releases and has a cooling effect. As a result, the ocean surface temperature increases, which leads to further warming of the air. This creates a cycle that further amplifies the temperatures, leading to increased occurrence and intensity of natural disasters.
Scientists have pointed to the alarming rise in carbon dioxide levels across the world as a potential exacerbating factor of global warming. Carbon dioxide is responsible for a large fraction of the Greenhouse Effect, and its levels are expected to continue to skyrocket as more and more CO2 is released into the atmosphere. This is further compounded by extraction of fossil fuels, deforestation and other anthropogenic activities.
These theories seem to be further underscored by the phenomenon of Arctic ice melting, and the consequent submerging of entire islands and coastlines. As the ice continues to melt, it releases vast amounts of methane, which further contribute to the warming of the planet. Alongside this, the sea levels are also rising, which can lead to devastating coastal flooding and subsequent damage to lives and property.
Given this, it is clear that global warming is an inherently complex issue, which is not only heavily influenced by the environment, but also by human activity. It is essential to understand the implications of global warming and to figure out how we can lessen its effects. From implementing institutional policies and policy incentives to creating behavioural changes and using more environment-friendly technologies, there are many steps we can take to slow down the warming of the planet, or ‘global cooling’.
While understanding the theory behind global warming is a great first step, it is important to take further action in order to possibly reverse the effects of climate change. It is now up to individuals, organisations and governments alike to take the initiative and reduce their respective emission footprints and ultimately, secure our collective future.
